London: Treating the current novel coronavirus with steroids may do patients more harm than good, experts have warned.
Steroids are often used by doctors to reduce inflammation, which is present in the lungs of patients with novel coronavirus. Lung inflammation was observed during the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) outbreaks, which were caused by coronaviruses.
However, steroids also impair the immune system’s ability to fight viruses and other infections that often develop in patients with life-threatening illness.
On balance, using the drugs could cause significant harm, the experts said in a commentary article published in the journal The Lancet.
“During this current coronavirus outbreak clinicians are faced with some tough decisions on how to treat people who have been infected,” said J. Kenneth Baillie, Academic Consultant in Critical Care Medicine at University of Edinburgh in Britain and lead author of the article.
“After looking carefully at what evidence is available, we would advise that steroids should not be used for treatment of lung injury caused by this new virus. If steroids are used, it should be as part of a clinical trial so that we can find out if they are helping or harming patients,” Baillie said.
One retrospective study of critically-ill patients with MERS found that almost half of the people that received steroids needed additional treatments such as assistance in breathing, drugs to increase blood pressure, and a form of dialysis.
Those given steroids were found to take longer to clear the virus from their bodies.
Other studies found that steroids caused harm in the SARS outbreak, with the virus still present in those who took the drugs up to three weeks after infection.
The experts said that clinicians should still administer the treatment for conditions such as asthma and other inflammatory diseases.
